Technical Specifications

Section 90
Comprehensive technical specifications and standards for laser cutting systems and processes
Table of Contents

Technical Specifications

This section provides comprehensive technical specifications, standards, and reference data for laser cutting systems, processes, and quality requirements.

Laser System Specifications

Fiber Laser Systems

Parameter Range Typical Values Units
Output Power 500 - 30,000 1,000 - 6,000 W
Wavelength 1,060 - 1,080 1,070 nm
Beam Quality (M²) 1.05 - 1.3 1.1 -
Power Stability ±1 - ±3 ±2 %
Electrical Efficiency 25 - 45 30 - 35 %
Cooling Requirements 5 - 50 15 - 25 kW

CO₂ Laser Systems

Parameter Range Typical Values Units
Output Power 100 - 8,000 1,000 - 4,000 W
Wavelength 10,600 10,600 nm
Beam Quality (M²) 1.1 - 1.5 1.2 -
Power Stability ±2 - ±5 ±3 %
Electrical Efficiency 8 - 15 10 - 12 %
Gas Consumption 0.1 - 2.0 0.5 - 1.0 L/min

Motion System Specifications

Linear Axes Performance

Parameter Specification Tolerance Units
Positioning Accuracy ±0.05 ±0.02 mm
Repeatability ±0.02 ±0.01 mm
Maximum Velocity 100 - 300 150 - 200 m/min
Maximum Acceleration 5 - 20 10 - 15 m/s²
Straightness 0.05/1000 0.02/1000 mm/mm
Angular Accuracy ±0.1 ±0.05 mrad

Rotary Axes (if applicable)

Parameter Specification Tolerance Units
Angular Positioning ±0.1 ±0.05 degrees
Angular Repeatability ±0.05 ±0.02 degrees
Maximum Rotation Speed 100 - 500 200 - 300 rpm
Runout 0.02 0.01 mm

Cutting Performance Specifications

Material Thickness Capabilities

Material Fiber Laser (6kW) CO₂ Laser (4kW) Quality Grade
Carbon Steel 25 mm 20 mm Grade 2-3
Stainless Steel 20 mm 15 mm Grade 2-3
Aluminum 15 mm 12 mm Grade 3-4
Titanium 10 mm 8 mm Grade 2-3
Copper 8 mm 6 mm Grade 3-4
Acrylic N/A 25 mm Grade 1-2
Wood N/A 20 mm Grade 2-3

Cutting Speed Ranges

Material Thickness Speed Range Optimal Speed Units
Stainless Steel 304 2 mm 800 - 2,000 1,200 mm/min
Stainless Steel 304 5 mm 300 - 800 500 mm/min
Stainless Steel 304 10 mm 100 - 300 200 mm/min
Carbon Steel 2 mm 1,000 - 3,000 1,800 mm/min
Carbon Steel 5 mm 400 - 1,200 800 mm/min
Carbon Steel 10 mm 150 - 500 300 mm/min
Aluminum 6061 2 mm 1,500 - 4,000 2,500 mm/min
Aluminum 6061 5 mm 600 - 1,800 1,200 mm/min
Aluminum 6061 10 mm 200 - 800 500 mm/min

Quality Standards and Tolerances

ISO 9013 Quality Grades

Grade Perpendicularity Surface Roughness Dross Height Applications
Grade 1 ≤ 0.05 + 0.03t ≤ 10 + 0.6t None Aerospace, Medical
Grade 2 ≤ 0.1 + 0.05t ≤ 25 + 1.0t ≤ 0.1 Precision Manufacturing
Grade 3 ≤ 0.2 + 0.1t ≤ 50 + 1.6t ≤ 0.3 General Manufacturing
Grade 4 ≤ 0.5 + 0.15t ≤ 100 + 2.5t ≤ 0.6 Construction, Rough Work

Note: t = material thickness in mm

Dimensional Tolerances

Feature Type Tolerance Class Tolerance Range Typical Application
Linear Dimensions IT7 ±0.05 - ±0.1 mm Precision parts
Linear Dimensions IT8 ±0.1 - ±0.2 mm Standard parts
Hole Diameters H7 +0.05/0 mm Bearing fits
Hole Diameters H8 +0.1/0 mm General purpose
Angular Dimensions ±0.5° ±0.5° Standard angles
Angular Dimensions ±0.1° ±0.1° Precision angles

Gas System Specifications

Assist Gas Requirements

Gas Type Purity Pressure Range Flow Rate Applications
Oxygen (O₂) 99.5% 0.5 - 2.0 bar 50 - 200 L/min Carbon steel cutting
Nitrogen (N₂) 99.9% 8 - 20 bar 100 - 500 L/min Stainless steel, aluminum
Compressed Air Oil-free 8 - 15 bar 100 - 300 L/min General purpose
Argon (Ar) 99.9% 1 - 5 bar 20 - 100 L/min Titanium, reactive metals

Gas Consumption Rates

Material Thickness Gas Type Consumption Units
Carbon Steel 2-10 mm Oxygen 0.5 - 2.0 m³/h
Stainless Steel 2-10 mm Nitrogen 5 - 15 m³/h
Aluminum 2-10 mm Nitrogen 8 - 20 m³/h
Titanium 2-8 mm Argon 2 - 8 m³/h

Environmental Specifications

Operating Conditions

Parameter Specification Tolerance Units
Ambient Temperature 15 - 30 ±2 °C
Relative Humidity 30 - 70 ±5 %
Vibration < 0.5 - g
Air Quality ISO 8573-1 Class 2 - -
Floor Flatness ±0.1/1000 - mm/mm

Power Requirements

System Component Power Rating Voltage Frequency Phase
Laser Source 10 - 50 kW 400V 50/60 Hz 3-phase
Motion System 5 - 15 kW 400V 50/60 Hz 3-phase
Cooling System 3 - 20 kW 400V 50/60 Hz 3-phase
Fume Extraction 2 - 10 kW 400V 50/60 Hz 3-phase
Control System 1 - 3 kW 230V 50/60 Hz 1-phase

Safety Specifications

Laser Safety Classifications

Class Power Level Safety Requirements Applications
Class 1 < 0.39 mW Inherently safe Enclosed systems
Class 1M < 0.39 mW Safe for naked eye Enclosed with optics
Class 2 < 1 mW Visible beam warning Alignment lasers
Class 3R < 5 mW Controlled access Demonstration
Class 3B < 500 mW Key control required Research
Class 4 > 500 mW Full safety measures Industrial cutting

Safety Distances

Laser Power Nominal Hazard Zone Controlled Area Units
< 1 kW 3 10 m
1 - 5 kW 5 15 m
5 - 10 kW 8 20 m
> 10 kW 12 30 m

Maintenance Specifications

Preventive Maintenance Intervals

Component Daily Weekly Monthly Quarterly Annually
Laser Source Visual check Power check Calibration Service Overhaul
Optics Cleaning Inspection Alignment Replacement -
Motion System Lubrication Accuracy check Calibration Service Overhaul
Gas System Pressure check Filter check Leak test Service Replacement
Cooling System Level check Temperature Filter change Service Overhaul

Consumable Replacement Intervals

Component Replacement Interval Factors Affecting Life
Cutting Nozzles 8 - 40 hours Material, thickness, quality
Protective Windows 100 - 500 hours Spatter, cleaning frequency
Focus Lenses 500 - 2000 hours Power, material, maintenance
Gas Filters 1000 - 3000 hours Gas quality, flow rate
Cooling Filters 2000 - 6000 hours Water quality, temperature

Performance Metrics

Key Performance Indicators

Metric Target Value Measurement Method Frequency
Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) > 85% Automated monitoring Real-time
First Pass Yield > 98% Quality inspection Per batch
Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) > 500 hours Failure tracking Continuous
Mean Time To Repair (MTTR) < 2 hours Service records Per incident
Energy Efficiency > 30% Power monitoring Daily

Quality Metrics

Parameter Specification Measurement Method Tolerance
Edge Perpendicularity Per ISO 9013 Coordinate measurement ±0.05 mm
Surface Roughness Ra < 25 μm Profilometer ±2 μm
Dimensional Accuracy ±0.1 mm CMM measurement ±0.02 mm
Heat Affected Zone < 0.2 mm Metallographic analysis ±0.05 mm

Certification and Compliance

Required Standards

Standard Description Scope
ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management Systems Organization
ISO 14001:2015 Environmental Management Organization
ISO 45001:2018 Occupational Health & Safety Organization
IEC 60825-1 Laser Safety Equipment
EN 12626 Laser Processing Machines Equipment
ANSI Z136.1 Safe Use of Lasers Operation

Testing and Validation

Test Type Frequency Standard Acceptance Criteria
Laser Power Calibration Monthly IEC 61040 ±2% accuracy
Beam Quality Measurement Quarterly ISO 11146 M² < 1.3
Positioning Accuracy Quarterly ISO 230-2 ±0.05 mm
Safety Interlock Test Monthly IEC 60825-1 100% functional
Emission Testing Annually Local regulations Below limits

These specifications represent typical industry standards and may vary based on specific equipment manufacturers, applications, and regional requirements. Always consult manufacturer documentation and local regulations for specific installations.

Last updated: July 5, 2025